Colonialīoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its "three mountains", only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. Native people constructed it to trap fish several thousand years ago. Through archeological excavations, one of the oldest Native fishweirs in New England was found on Boylston Street. There were small Native communities throughout what became Boston, who likely moved between winter homes inland along the Charles River (called Quinobequin, meaning "meandering," by the Native people), where hunting was plentiful and summer homes along the coast where fishing and shellfish beds were plentiful. Prior to European colonization, modern-day Boston was originally inhabited by the indigenous Massachusett. 1.4 Post-revolution and the War of 1812įor a chronological guide, see Timeline of Boston.Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States businesses and institutions rank among the top in the country for environmental sustainability and investment. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology and government activities. The Boston area's many colleges and universities, notably Harvard and MIT, make it a world leader in higher education, including law, medicine, engineering and business, and the city is considered to be a global pioneer in innovation and entrepreneurship, with nearly 5,000 startups. Today, Boston is a thriving center of scientific research. Boston's many firsts include the United States' first public park ( Boston Common, 1634), first public or state school ( Boston Latin School, 1635) first subway system ( Tremont Street subway, 1897), and first large public library ( Boston Public Library, 1848). Its rich history attracts many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone drawing more than 20 million visitors per year. The city has expanded beyond the original peninsula through land reclamation and municipal annexation. Upon American independence from Great Britain, the city continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub as well as a center for education and culture. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the siege of Boston. īoston is one of the oldest municipalities in the United States, founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from the English town of the same name.
A broader combined statistical area (CSA), generally corresponding to the commuting area and including Providence, Rhode Island, is home to some 8.2 million people, making it the sixth most populous in the United States. The city is the economic and cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater Boston, a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) home to a census-estimated 4.8 million people in 2016 and ranking as the tenth-largest MSA in the country. It is the seat of Suffolk County (although the county government was disbanded on July 1, 1999). The city proper covers about 48.4 sq mi (125 km 2) with a population of 675,647 in 2020, also making it the most populous city in New England.
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